How does Google store all those emails?

Google stores emails on their servers in a distributed system that is designed to provide high availability, scalability, and reliability. Here are some key aspects of how Google stores emails:

1. Distributed storage: Google uses a distributed file system called Colossus to store emails. Colossus is designed to handle petabytes of data and provides high availability, scalability, and fault tolerance.

2. Redundancy: Google stores multiple copies of each email in different data centers to ensure that emails are not lost due to hardware failures or disasters.

3. Indexing: Google indexes every email it receives, which makes it easy to search and retrieve emails quickly. The indexing process includes analyzing the content of the email, including the subject, body, and attachments, and creating a searchable index of the email.

4 .Spam filtering: Google uses machine learning algorithms to filter spam and other unwanted emails. These algorithms analyze various factors, such as the sender's reputation, the email's content, and the recipient's history to determine whether an email is spam.

5. Encryption: Google uses encryption to protect the privacy and security of emails. Emails are encrypted in transit between the user's device and Google's servers using Transport Layer Security (TLS). Emails are also encrypted at rest on Google's servers using industry-standard encryption algorithms.

Overall, Google's email storage system is designed to provide a reliable, scalable, and secure platform for storing and managing emails.