C++ Math Functions

C++ has many mathematical library functions that allow you to perform math tasks on integer, float and double-precision numbers.

Max and min

The max(x,y) function can be used to find the highest value of x and y:

Example

cout << max(1, 2);

Prints “2”

And the min(x,y) function can be used to find the lowest value of of x and y:

Example

cout << min(1, 2);

Prints “1”

C++ <cmath> Header

Other functions, such as sqrt (square root), round (rounds a number) and log (natural logarithm), can be found in the <cmath> header file:

Example


#include <cmath>
cout << sqrt(64);
cout << round(2.6);
cout << log(2);

Other Math Functions that can be used in C++

A list of other popular Math functions (from the <cmath> library) can be found in the following table:

abs(x)
Returns the absolute value of x

acos(x)
Returns the arccosine of x, in radians

asin(x)
Returns the arcsine of x, in radians

atan(x)
Returns the arctangent of x, in radians

cbrt(x)
Returns the cube root of x

ceil(x)
Returns the value of x rounded up to its nearest integer

cos(x)
Returns the cosine of x, in radians

cosh(x)
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x, in radians

exp(x)
Returns the value of E^x

expm1(x)
Returns e^x -1

fabs(x)
Returns the absolute value of a floating x

fdim(x, y)
Returns the positive difference between x and y

floor(x)
Returns the value of x rounded down to its nearest integer

hypot(x, y)
Returns sqrt(x² +y²) without intermediate overflow or underflow

fma(x, y, z)
Returns x*y+z without losing precision

fmax(x, y)
Returns the highest value of a floating x and y

fmin(x, y)
Returns the lowest value of a floating x and y

fmod(x, y)
Returns the floating point remainder of x/y

pow(x, y)
Returns the value of x to the power of y

sin(x)
Returns the sine of x (x is in radians)

sinh(x)
Returns the hyperbolic sine of a double value

tan(x)
Returns the tangent of an angle

tanh(x)
Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a double value