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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology for automatic contactless identification of objects using a radio frequency communication channel. Now this technology has no analogues, and its use has become so popular that, according to experts, RFID will soon replace bar-coding technology.
1. A basic RFID system consists of
radio frequency tag;
information reader (reader);
computer for information processing.
The identification of objects is carried out using a unique digital code that is read from the memory of the electronic tag attached to the identification object. The reader contains a transmitter and an antenna through which the electromagnetic field of a certain frequency is radiated. The radio-frequency tags that fall within the range of the reading field “respond” with their own signal containing information (product identification number, user data, etc.). The signal is captured by the antenna reader, the information is decoded and transmitted to the computer for processing.

To imagine the possibilities and advantages of wireless communication technologies, let's recall an ordinary radio or mobile phone. We will now extend these benefits to the process of transmitting and collecting data using small portable devices, and we will come very close to understanding the nature and assessing the potential of radio frequency identification. RFID as an area of automatic identification, is now seen as a radical means of improving the data management process, which has several significant advantages over a bar code. The range of RFID devices and systems allows us to meet the needs of consumers in a much wider range. At the same time, absolutely fantastic opportunities arise for the integration of business processes in various areas, which previously could only be dreamed of. At the same time, using RFID technology is a simpler and more understandable process than using a mobile phone, and does not require that we know our technical details. Tens of thousands of Muscovites, passing every day on the subway using a contactless monthly travel card, do not even suspect that this is one of the RFID technologies. The same can be said about the use of anti-theft systems that are now on each car. They are controlled by RFID.

The main task of the automated information system is to ensure that the information obtained is as reliable as possible. This is absolutely necessary, because it will take a lot of time and money to search and screen out incorrect information in large data arrays. To these losses it is also necessary to add direct losses, to which an inadequate decision can be taken, made on the basis of incorrect information.

Automatic identification technologies, including the recognition and registration of objects in real time without human intervention, most fully correspond to this task. These technologies are based on bar coding or radio frequency coding.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), or RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), as it is called abroad, is the most advanced identification technology, providing significantly more opportunities than others. It is based on the technology of transmitting information using radio waves, which is necessary for recognizing (identifying) objects with special tags attached to them that carry both identification and user information.

Imagine a shopping trolley in a self-service store equipped with a scanner and a touch-screen computer. You scan the goods, put them in the cart, and the computer gives information on each of the goods and offers additional purchases. The computer constantly shows the amount of the cost of the selected goods, so that you know every minute how much you will spend. Having finished choosing purchases, you go to the self-checkout or cashier. Since the amount of your purchases is already known, and all of them are packed, the waiting time is minimal. You just have to pay for your purchases.
An innovation that provides such a shopping trip is called RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology. RFID helps retailers around the world meet the needs of the most demanding customers and thus increase sales. This technology is gradually changing the retail industry, providing sellers with information on the status and movement of goods in real time, increasing warehouse productivity and preventing losses. Many of the world's leading retailers have planned the introduction of RFID technology. This move will affect more than 200,000 manufacturing enterprises and suppliers and direct the global hardware and software market to support RFID.